The Auditory Sensation of Roughness

•Out-of-tune piano: rapidbeating results from nearby strings whose vibrations go in and out of phase

•Rapid sequence of briefauditory events

•Roughness most pronouncedwhen sound includesspectrally coherent fluctuations

•Can be minimized by randomizing theamplitudes andphases of its Fourier components

•Randomization happensautomatically in reverberant environments

•Roughness reduction maybe one of the benefits of adding reverb

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